https://admin.imcjms.com/ Ibrahim Medical College Journal of Medical Science Pooja Vyas*Meena ParmarHimani PandyaShardul ChaurasiaRajesh ChaudharyRajvi Kanala https://admin.imcjms.com/registration/journal_full_text/611 2026-08-20 10:26:43 Original Article July 2026; Vol. 20(2):002 40 years using the WHO/ISH risk chart and found significant associations between cardiovascular disease risk and age, marital status, education, family history, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and blood pressure levels. Fieldwork involves high-risk situations, emotional intensity, lack of control, long hours, public scrutiny, physical demands, and traumatic exposures – all contributing to greater stress than office work. These stressors impact cardiovascular health. Law enforcement agencies should prioritise officer well‑being through stress management, health resources, and lifestyle promotion. Primary care physicians play a vital role through regular screening, early detection, and personalised interventions.   Conclusion Fieldwork was associated with differences in several lifestyle characteristics and cardiovascular risk markers, particularly daily junk-food consumption, physical inactivity and systolic blood pressure. While causality cannot be inferred, these findings suggest the need for targeted preventive strategies, structured wellness programs, stress management initiatives, and periodic cardiovascular risk assessment tailored specifically to field-deployed police personnel.   Limitations This study has several limitations. First, the cross-sectional design prevents causal inference between work profile and cardiovascular risk factors. Second, significant baseline differences between groups, particularly age and sex distribution, may have introduced residual confounding despite statistical adjustment. Third, classification into fieldwork and office groups was based on primary duty assignment and may not fully capture variations in workload intensity. Fourth, lifestyle variables such as diet and exercise were self-reported and may be subject to information bias.   Conflict of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest associated with the material presented in this paper.   Funding Sources The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.   Acknowledgments Special thanks to Dr. Kanan Desai D.C.P., Zone – IV for her support and for providing all the necessary documents to carry out this preventive cardiac health check-up camp. We would like to thank all the police personnel and police stations in‑charge for their consent and cooperation in collecting the required information for this research work.   References 1.     PAHO/WHO.Pan American Health Organization. Environmental and social determinants of health. 2022; Available from: https://iris.paho.org/items/005f843c-bbeb-4fc5-b557-34770270c3ab. 2.     Violanti JM, Charles LE, McCanlies E, Hartley TA, Baughman P, Andrew ME, et al. Police stressors and health: a state-of-the-art review. Policing. 2017; 40(4): 642-656. doi: 10.1108/PIJPSM-06-2016-0097. 3.     World Health Organization. No communicable diseases: Risk factors. 2022; Available from: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/topic-details/GHO/ncd-risk-factors. 4.     Kaur P, Ramachandra Rao S, Venkatachalam R, Kangusamy B, Radhakrishnan E, Kaliaperumal K, et al. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in rural South India: cohort study. BMJ Open. 2019; 9(10): e029759. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029759. 5.     Ramakrishnan J, Majgi SM, Premarajan KC, Lakshminarayanan S, Thangaraj S, Chinnakali P. High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among policemen in Puducherry, South India. J Cardiovasc Dis Res. 2013; 4(2): 112-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcdr.2013.05.002. 6.     GBD 2016 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017; 390(10100): 1345-1422. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32649-1. 7.     World Health Organization, South-East Asia India. Cardiovascular diseases in India. 2022; Available from: https://www.who.int/india/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases. 8.     Collins PA, Gibbs AC. Stress in police officers: a study of the origins, prevalence and severity of stress-related symptoms within a county police force. Occup Med (Lond). 2003; 53(4): 256-64. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqg061. 9.     Setti I, Argentero P. The influence of operational and organizational stressors on the well-being of municipal police officers. Med Lav. 2013; 104(5): 368-79. 10.  Joshi SR, Anjana RM, Deepa M, Pradeepa R, Bhansali A, Dhandania VK, et al. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in urban and rural India: the ICMR-INDIAB study. PLoS One. 2014; 9(5): e96808. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096808. 11.  Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001; 285(19): 2486-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486. 12.  Ghazizadeh H, Fazilati M, Pasdar A, Avan A, Tayefi M, Ghasemi F, et al. Association of a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor genetic variant with serum VEGF level in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Gene. 2017; 598: 27-31. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.034. 13.  World Health Organization. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: report of a WHO/IDF consultation. 2006. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/definition-and-diagnosis-of-diabetes-mellitus-and-intermediate-hyperglycaemia. 14.  McEvoy JW, McCarthy CP, Bruno RM, Brouwers S, Canavan MD, Ceconi C, et al. 2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2024; 45(38): 3912-4018. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae178. 15.  Shiozaki M, Miyai N, Morioka I, Utsumi M, Hattori S, Koike H, et al. Job stress and behavioral characteristics in relation to coronary heart disease risk among Japanese police officers. Ind Health. 2017; 55(4): 369-380. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2016-0179. 16.  Zhang J, Liu Q, Long S, Guo C, Tan H. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among 10,348 police officers in a large city of China: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019; 98(40): e17306. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017306. 17.  Chauhan VS, Bansal M, Sharma V, Gupta R. Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among police personnel of district Gwalior- a cross sectional study. Indian J Community Med. 2022; 47(3): 379-385. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_1154_21. 18.  Sunil BN, BT PK. Health profile of Kolar police personnel: a cross sectional study. J Med Biomedical Sci. 2018; 8(3): 85-92. 19.  Garbarino S, Magnavita N. Work stress and metabolic syndrome in police officers. A prospective study. PLoS One. 2015; 10(12): e0144318. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144318. 20.  S G, Jadhav J, Ts R. Cardiovascular disorder risk assessment among police personnel in Bengaluru City, India, using World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension Risk Prediction Chart. Cureus. 2023; 15(11): e48378. doi: 10.7759/cureus.48378.     Cite this article as: Vyas P, Parmar M, Pandya H, Chaurasia S, Chaudhary R, Kanala R. Association between work profiles and their impact on cardiovascular risk factors in police community. IMC J Med Sci. 2026; 20(2):002.  DOI:https://doi.org/10.55010/imcjms.20.011]]> 2026 Ibrahim Medical College. All rights reserved.